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KMID : 0894520070110010043
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Development & Reproduction
2007 Volume.11 No. 1 p.43 ~ p.47
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Gene Expression of Smad3 and Estrogen Receptor-related Receptorβ like 1 in Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus nudus
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Jung Yu-jung
Sohn Young-Chang
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Abstract
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Smad proteins mediate transforming growth factor(TGF)-β signaling and play a pivotal role in embryonic development. The estrogen receptor-related receptors(ERRs), which are structurally similar to estrogen receptors, are members of orphan nuclear receptor in the nuclear receptor superfamily and their functions are known to be involved in the formation of extra-embryonic ectoderm. To investigate the involvement of Smad3 and ERRβ like 1 in reproductive activities and embryogenesis in marine invertebrate, we examined gene expression of Smad3 and ERRβ like 1 in Strongylocentrotus nudus during their seasonal changes and embryonic development using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The Smad3 mRNA levels in gonad showed an increasing pattern from February to June 2004 but decreased at August(spawning season) followed by an elevation of the levels at October and December 2004. The mRNA levels of the ERRβ like 1 significantly elevated during the spawning season. During embryonic development, Smad3 mRNA levels at 8～16 cell stages were significantly higher than those of other stages, whereas the mRNA of the ERRβ like 1 was significantly high levels at late development stages, i.e., blastular, gastrula and plutei stages. These results suggest that the Smad3 could be involved at least in part in the early cleavage stages and the ERRβ like 1 may play an important role in the spawning season and late developmental stage in the sea urchin.
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KEYWORD
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Smad3, Estrogen Receptor-related Receptorβ like 1, ERRβ like 1, Sea urchin, Embryogenesis, Seasonal change
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